Dirty Bombs - RDDs

RDDs are classed as radiological dispersal devices - also known as `dirty bombs`. These may be in the form of IEDs (improvised explosive devices) but can include non-explosive devices that could be used to disperse radioactive material as well.

These materials come in solids, liquids and powdered forms that can be spread covertly.

The major impact of a `dirty bomb` is produced by the blast and the fear and panic that will ensue.

RDDs are not very effective means for exposing large numbers of people to lethal doses of radiation. RDDs are likely to affect small areas, unlike a nuclear blast, and the most effective protection is to leave the affected area immediately. It is recommended not to seek shelter at the site of the explosion.

If there is a possibility that the suspected device has explosives attached it should be treated as a bomb.

DO NOT re-enter the contaminated area, and individuals evacuating a contaminated area should be decontaminated immediately and seek medical attention. Decontamination is most easily achieved by simply taking a shower, washing effectively and changing into clean clothing.

With regards to food, radioactive particles in food and water may be harmful if it is consumed. Food in tightly covered containers, i.e. cans / bottles and plastic containers, etc. will be safe to eat or drink if you dust or wipe off the lids / openers. Wash all other foodstuffs and peel items like fruit and vegetables. Water will be safe if in covered containers or if it has come from covered wells.

If exposed to an RDD seek medical assistance as soon as possible. Radioactivity from an area of fallout may produce illness in the unprotected individual immediately or after a few days. Radiation illness cannot be spread to other people.

Signs & Symptoms If you have or see a person with a combination of the following you should seek medical attention immediately:

Loss of hair
Loss of appetite
Increasing paleness
Weakness
Diarrhoea
Sore throat
Bleeding gums
Bruising easily